“< H2 > what is a solar panel
Solar panel is a device that converts solar radiation energy into electric energy directly or indirectly through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect by absorbing sunlight. The main material of most solar panels is “”Silicon””, but its widespread use has certain limitations due to its high manufacturing cost. Compared with ordinary batteries and rechargeable batteries, solar cells are more energy-saving and environment-friendly green products
What kinds of solar panels can be divided into
Solar panels can be divided into:
1. Crystalline silicon solar panels: polycrystalline silicon solar cells, monocrystalline silicon solar cells
2. Amorphous silicon panels: thin film solar cells, organic solar cells
3. Chemical dye panel: dye sensitized solar cell
Solar panel is a device that converts solar radiation energy into electric energy directly or indirectly through photoelectric effect or photochemical effect by absorbing sunlight
The service life of solar panels is determined by the materials of cells, tempered glass, EVA and TPT. Generally, the service life of solar panels made by manufacturers who use better materials can reach 25 years, but with the impact of the environment, the materials of solar panels will age with the change of time
Application fields:
1. Petroleum, marine and meteorological fields: cathodic protection solar power supply system for oil pipelines and reservoir gates, domestic and emergency power supply for oil drilling platforms, marine detection equipment, meteorological / hydrological observation equipment, etc
2. Lamp power supply: such as courtyard lamp, street lamp, portable lamp, camping lamp, mountaineering lamp, fishing lamp, black light lamp, rubber cutting lamp, energy-saving lamp, etc
3. Photovoltaic power station: 10kw-50mw independent photovoltaic power station, wind solar (diesel) complementary power station, various large parking plants, charging stations, etc
4. Solar building: the combination of solar power generation and building materials will enable the future large-scale buildings to achieve self-sufficiency in electricity, which is a major development direction in the future
Reference source:
Baidu Encyclopedia – solar panels
What is the production process of solar panels
The production of solar panels starts from the series welding of the cells. String the single cells as required, and then stack them in the order of glass / EVA / cell / EVA / back plate. After checking that they are correct, put them into the laminator for vacuum pumping and pressurization. After about 20 minutes, the two layers of EVA will melt, and the glass and cell, cell and back plate will be closely bonded and trimmed, Install the frame, add the junction box, test, and a solar panel will come out
How about 5-wire solar panels? How to connect the 5-wire solar panel
When the solar cell is connected with the battery, it is best to use a photovoltaic charging controller, which can control the output voltage of the solar cell and protect the battery from overcharge. At the same time, when the solar cell does not generate electricity at night, it can prevent the battery from flowing back
The connection method is as follows:
Solar cell – photovoltaic controller – battery – DC load
While the solar energy charges the battery, it is completely feasible for the battery to supply power to the outside. In this case, the power used by the load will give priority to the direct use of the power of the solar cell, and the rest will be charged into the battery; On the contrary, if the power of the solar cell is not enough, it will take power from the battery at the same time
What is a solar panel
Researchers at Rensselaer Institute of technology developed a new coating in 2008. Covering it on solar panels can improve the sunlight absorption rate of the latter to 96.2%, while the sunlight absorption rate of ordinary solar panels is only about 70%. The new coating mainly solves two technical problems: one is to help the solar panel absorb almost all the solar spectrum, and the other is to make the solar panel absorb sunlight from a larger angle, so as to improve the efficiency of solar panel absorbing sunlight. Ordinary solar panels can only absorb part of the solar spectrum, and usually work efficiently only when absorbing direct sunlight. Therefore, many solar devices are equipped with automatic adjustment systems to ensure that the solar panels always maintain the angle with the sun that is most conducive to the amount of energy absorbed. Let’s have a few words
What are the categories of solar panels
Common solar panels are as follows:
Monocrystalline silicon solar panel
Polysilicon solar panel
Amorphous silicon solar panel (thin film solar panel)
Multicomponent compound solar panel
Now commonly used in the market are:
Monocrystalline silicon solar panel:
Polysilicon solar panel
Amorphous silicon solar panel (thin film solar panel) solar panels of solar power generation system are mainly divided into the following types
(1) polycrystalline silicon solar cell the manufacturing process of polycrystalline silicon solar cell is similar to that of monocrystalline silicon solar cell, but the photoelectric conversion efficiency of polycrystalline silicon solar cell is much lower, and its photoelectric conversion efficiency is about 12%. In terms of production cost, it is cheaper than monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The materials are easy to manufacture, save power consumption, and the total production cost is low. Therefore, it has been greatly developed. In addition, the service life of polycrystalline silicon solar cells in Sichuan is also shorter than that of monocrystalline silicon solar cells. In terms of performance price ratio, monocrystalline silicon solar cells are best solar racking system slightly better. (2) Amorphous silicon solar cell amorphous silicon Sichuan solar cell is a new type of thin-film solar cell appeared in 1976. It is completely different from the manufacturing method of monocrystalline silicon and polycrystalline silicon solar cells. The process is greatly simplified, the consumption of silicon materials is small, and the power consumption is lower. Its main advantage is that it can generate electricity under weak light conditions. However, the main problem of amorphous silicon solar cells is the low photoelectric conversion efficiency, which is about 10% of the international advanced level, and is not stable enough. With the extension of time, its conversion efficiency decreases. (3) Monocrystalline silicon solar cell the photoelectric conversion efficiency of monocrystalline silicon solar cell is about 15%, and the highest is 24%, which is the highest among all kinds of solar cells, but the manufacturing cost is so high that it can not be widely used. Because monocrystalline silicon is generally encapsulated with toughened glass and waterproof resin, it is durable and has a service life of 15 years and up to 25 years. (4) Multicomponent compound solar cell multicomponent compound solar cell refers to a solar cell that is not made of a single element semiconductor material. There are many kinds of research in various countries, and most of them have not been industrialized. Semiconductor materials with gradient band gap (energy level difference between conduction band and valence band) can expand the range of solar absorption spectrum and improve the photoelectric conversion efficiency. Based on it, thin-film solar cells with significantly higher photoelectric conversion efficiency than silicon thin-film solar cells can be designed. According to the type of battery chip, it can be divided into single crystal, polycrystalline and amorphous. At present, most of the products produced by the factory are polycrystalline and single crystal, and less amorphous
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